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List of Korean surnames

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This is a list of Korean surnames, in Hangul alphabetical order.

The most common Korean surname (particularly in South Korea) is Kim (), followed by Lee () and Park (). These three surnames are held by around half of the ethnic Korean population.

This article uses the most recent South Korean statistics (currently 2015) as the basis. No such data is available from North Korea.

From 2015 South Korean statistics

[edit]

As of 2015, at least 191 distinct surnames in Hangul and 514 distinct surnames in Hanja were in use.[1]

Hangul[1] Hanja[1] RR MR Other romanizations Population (2015)[1] Percentage
, Ga Ka Kah,[2] Kha,[2] Gha[2] 9,950 0.02%
, Gan Kan Khan,[2] Kahn,[2] Kann[2] 2,525 0.0051%
Gal Kal Gar,[2] Karl[2] 2,086 0.0042%
Gam Kam Kahm,[2] Kang,[2] Gahm[2] 6,024 0.0121%
, , , , , Gang Kang Khang,[2] Kahng,[2] Kwang,[2] Ghang,[2] Kaing[2] 1,269,290 2.5536%
, Gyeon Kyŏn Kyun,[2] Kyeon,[2] Kyoun,[2] Gyun,[2] Kyon[2] 1,684 0.0034%
, , , Gyeong Kyŏng Kyung,[2] Kyoung,[2] Geong,[2] Guong,[2] Gyeng[2] 16,958 0.0341%
, Gye Kye Kae,[2] Kay,[2] Keh,[2] Key,[2] Gae[2] 6,641 0.0134%
, Go Ko Koh,[2] Goh,[2] Kho,[2] Gho,[2] Koo[2] 471,429 0.9484%
, Gok Kok Koock[2] 101 0.0002%
, Gong Kong Kohng,[2] Ghong,[2] Con,[2] Gohng,[2] Goung[2] 92,340 0.1858%
, , Gwak Kwak Kwag,[2] Kwack,[2] Gwag,[2] Koak,[2] Koag[2] 203,365 0.4091%
, Gwan Kwan 20 0%
, Gyo Kyo 26 0.0001%
, , , Gu Ku Koo,[2] Goo,[2] Kuh,[2] Kou,[2] Khu[2] 208,550 0.4196%
, , , , Guk Kuk Kook,[2] Gook,[2] Kug,[2] Cook,[2] Koog[2] 20,768 0.0418%
, Gung Kung Koong,[2] Goong,[2] Koung[2] 572 0.0012%
Gwok Kwŏk Kwok,[2] Kweok,[2] Kwoc[2] 183 0.0004%
, , , Gwon Kwŏn Kwon,[2] Kweon,[2] Kwun,[2] Gweon,[2] Kwan[2] 706,212 1.4208%
Geun Kŭn Keun,[2] Gun[2] 170 0.0003%
, , , Geum Kŭm Keum,[2] Kum,[2] Gum,[2] Kuem,[2] Guem[2] 25,472 0.0512%
, , , Gi Ki Kee,[2] Key,[2] Kie,[2] Kih,[2] Gee[2] 29,062 0.0585%
Gil Kil Gill,[2] Gihl,[2] Khil,[2] Keel,[2] Kill[2] 38,173 0.0768%
Gim Kim Ghim,[3] Kin[3] 10,689,967 21.5065%
[a], [a], [a], [a], Na Na Ra,[2] La,[2] Nah,[2] Rha,[2] Rah[2] 161,015 0.3239%
[b] Nan Nan An[4] 8 0%
, Nam Nam Nahm,[2] Nham,[2] Nan,[2] Lam,[2] Narm[2] 275,659 0.5546%
남궁 南宮, 南宫 Namgung Namgung Namkung,[2] Namkoong,[2] Namgoong,[2] Namgoung,[2] Namkoung[2] 21,313 0.0429%
[c] Nang Nang Lang[2] 181 0.0004%
, Nae Nae 374 0.0008%
[d], [d], [d], [d], [d], [d], No No Noh,[2] Roh,[2] Ro,[2] Rho,[2] Nho[2] 315,372 0.6345%
[e] Noe Noe Noi,[2] Lei[2] 19 0%
Da Ta 7 0%
, Dan Tan Dahn,[2] Dhan[2] 1,632 0.0033%
Dam Tam Tan[2] 47 0.0001%
Dang Tang Dhang[2] 1,146 0.0023%
, , Dae Tae Dai,[2] Dea[2] 669 0.0013%
, , , , , , Do To Doh,[2] Dho,[2] Doe,[2] Toh,[2] Doo[2] 57,946 0.1166%
Dok Tok 17 0%
독고 獨孤 Dokgo Tokko Dokko,[2] Dockko,[2] Dogko,[2] Dockgo,[2] Dohkgoh[2] 502 0.001%
Don Ton 117 0.0002%
, , , , Dong Tong Dhong,[2] Doung[2] 5,936 0.0119%
동방 東方 Dongbang Tongbang 180 0.0004%
Du Tu Doo,[2] Do,[2] Dou,[2] Dow[2] 6,428 0.0129%
, Deung Tŭng 20 0%
등정 藤井 Deungjeong Tŭngjŏng 5 0%
, , Ra Ra Na,[2] La,[2] Rha,[2] Rah,[2] Nah[2] 25,974 0.0523%
Ran Ran 10 0%
Rang Rang 125 0.0003%
Ryeo Ryŏ 19 0%
, , Ro Ro 67 0.0001%
Roe Roe 19 0%
, , Ryu Ryu Yoo,[2] Ryoo,[2] Yu,[2] You,[2] Lyu[2] 163,994 0.3299%
Ri Ri 240 0.0005%
Rim Rim 47 0.0001%
, Ma Ma Mah,[2] Mar,[2] Mach,[2] Mha[2] 39,196 0.0789%
Man Man Mahn,[2] Mhan[2] 124 0.0002%
망절 網切 Mangjeol Mangjŏl Mangjul[2] 8 0%
Mae Mae Mai,[2] Mea,[2] Mei[2] 201 0.0004%
Maeng Maeng Meang,[2] Mang,[2] Maing,[2] Meng,[2] Meing[2] 22,028 0.0443%
Myeong Myŏng Myung,[2] Myoung,[2] Myong,[2] Moung,[2] Myoeng[2] 29,110 0.0586%
, , Mo Mo Moh,[2] Mho,[2] Moo,[2] Moe,[2] Meo[2] 21,912 0.0441%
, Mok Mok Mock,[2] Mog,[2] Mook,[2] Mork,[2] Mouk[2] 8,859 0.0178%
Myo Myo 21 0%
Mu Mu 15 0%
무본 武本 Mubon Mubon 6 0%
Muk Muk Mook,[2] Mok,[2] Moog[2] 172 0.0003%
, Mun Mun Moon,[2] Mon,[2] Moun,[2] Muhn,[2] Moom[2] 464,047 0.9336%
Mi Mi Mee[2] 16 0%
, , , , , Min Min Minn,[2] Mihn,[2] Meen,[2] Mheen,[2] Mean[2] 171,799 0.3456%
, Bak Pak Park,[5] Pack,[5] Bark,[5] Bag,[5] Papk[5] 4,192,080 8.4338%
, Ban Pan Bahn,[2] Van,[2] Bhan,[2] Barn,[2] Pahn[2] 28,223 0.0568%
, , , , , , Bang Pang Bhang,[2] Bahng,[2] Barng,[2] Baang,[2] Fang[2] 129,559 0.2607%
, , , , Bae Pae Bea,[2] Bai,[2] Pai,[2] Be,[2] Bay[2] 400,669 0.8061%
, , , Baek Paek Back,[2] Baik,[2] Paik,[2] Beak,[2] Baeg[2] 382,447 0.7694%
Beon Pŏn 6 0%
, Beom Pŏm Bum,[2] Buhm,[2] Beum,[2] Bom,[2] Burm[2] 3,838 0.0077%
, , Byeon Pyŏn Byun,[2] Byon,[2] Byoun,[2] Pyun,[2] Byen[2] 138,802 0.2792%
, , Bo Po 16 0%
Bok Pok Bog,[2] Bock,[2] Pock,[2] Boc,[2] Bouk[2] 9,538 0.0192%
, Bong Pong Vong[2] 12,959 0.0261%
, , , Bu Pu Boo,[2] Poo,[2] Vu,[2] Booh,[2] Buh[2] 10,604 0.0213%
Bi Pi Vy,[4] Vi,[4] Bie,[4] Bee[4] 16 0%
, , , , Bin Pin Been,[2] Bhin,[2] Bean,[2] Vin,[2] Bihn[2] 5,782 0.0116%
Bing Ping 763 0.0015%
, , , , Sa Sa Sha,[2] Sah,[2] Sar[2] 10,998 0.0221%
사공 司空, 司公 Sagong Sagong Sakong,[2] Shakong,[2] Sagoung,[2] Sagung[2] 4,488 0.009%
San San 9 0%
, Sam Sam 38 0.0001%
, , , Sang Sang Shang,[2] Sahng,[2] Sarng[2] 2,416 0.0049%
, , 西, , Seo Suh,[2] Su,[2] Sur,[2] So,[2] Sea[2] 752,233 1.5134%
서문 西門, 西問 Seomun Sŏmun Seomoon,[2] Suhmoon,[2] Seamoon,[2] Sumoon,[2] Semun[2] 2,044 0.0041%
, , , Seok Sŏk Suk,[2] Seog,[2] Sok,[2] Suck,[2] Seuk[2] 60,607 0.1219%
, , Seon Sŏn Sun,[2] Son,[2] Shun,[2] Sen,[2] Suhn[2] 42,842 0.0862%
선우 鮮于, 鮮宇, 蘚于, 鮮牛 Seonu Sŏnu Sunwoo,[2] Seonwoo,[2] Sonu,[2] Sunoo,[2] Sunu[2] 3,648 0.0073%
, , , , , Seol Sŏl Sul,[2] Seul,[2] Sol,[2] Sel,[2] Seal[2] 45,692 0.0919%
Seop Sŏp Seoub,[2] Sub,[2] Sup[2] 75 0.0002%
, , , , Seong Sŏng Sung,[2] Soung,[2] Seoung,[2] Seung,[2] Song[2] 199,160 0.4007%
, , , , , , , , So So Soh,[2] Sho,[2] Soo,[2] Seo,[2] Sou[2] 53,856 0.1083%
, , , Son Son Sohn,[2] Shon,[2] Sun,[2] Soun,[2] Soon[2] 457,356 0.9201%
, , Song Song Soung,[2] Shong,[2] Sohng,[2] Sung,[2] Seung[2] 683,521 1.3751%
, , Su Su 47 0.0001%
, , , , , Sun Sun Soon[2] 1,237 0.0025%
, Seung Sŭng Sung,[2] Seoung,[2] Seong,[2] Sheung,[2] Soeung[2] 3,430 0.0069%
, , Si Si Shi,[2] See,[2] Sea,[2] Se[2] 4,354 0.0088%
, , , , , , Sin Sin Shin,[2] Sheen,[2] Sihn,[2] Shinn,[2] Synn[2] 986,001 1.9837%
, , , Sim Sim Shim,[2] Sym,[2] Seem,[2] Sem,[2] Sihm[2] 272,049 0.5473%
A A Ah[2] 529 0.0011%
, , An An Ahn,[2] Ann,[2] Anh,[2] Ane,[2] Aun[2] 685,688 1.3795%
Ae Ae Ai[2] 24 0%
Ya Ya Yha[2] 77 0.0002%
[f], , [f], , , , , [f], Yang Yang Ryang,[2] Yaung,[2] Young,[2] Yahng,[2] Yhang[2] 530,554 1.0674%
, Eo Ŏ Uh,[2] Eoh,[2] Auh,[2] Eu,[2] Au[2] 18,929 0.0381%
어금 魚金 Eogeum Ŏgŭm Eokum,[4] Eokeum,[4] Akeum,[4] Uhkum[4] 8 0%
, , , Eom Ŏm Um,[2] Eum,[2] Uhm,[2] Aum,[2] Om[2] 144,660 0.291%
[g], , [g] Yeo Yuh,[2] Yo,[2] Yu,[2] Yea,[2] Yeu[2] 80,672 0.1623%
, [h], , Yeon Yŏn Youn,[2] Yun,[2] Yon,[2] Yeun,[2] Yeoun[2] 34,850 0.0701%
[i], , [i] Yeom Yŏm Yum,[2] Youm,[2] Yeum,[2] Yom,[2] Yeoum[2] 69,428 0.1397%
Yeop Yŏp Yub,[2] Yup,[2] Yop,[2] Youb,[2] Yeb[2] 571 0.0011%
, Yeong Yŏng 24 0%
, [j], , Ye Ye Yea,[2] Yae,[2] Yeh,[2] Yee,[2] Yei[2] 13,587 0.0273%
, , , , O O Oh,[2] Ou,[2] Ohe,[2] Oe,[2] Olh[2] 763,334 1.5357%
Ok Ok Ock,[2] Og,[2] Ohk,[2] Oak,[2] Ouk[2] 25,107 0.0505%
On On Ohn,[2] Eon,[2] Onn,[2] Own,[2] Yon[2] 5,418 0.0109%
, Ong Ong Ohng,[2] Ohong,[2] Ung[2] 967 0.0019%
Wan Wan 6 0%
, Wang Wang Whang,[2] Woang,[2] Ywang,[2] Yang,[2] Whyang[2] 25,581 0.0515%
Yo Yo 29 0.0001%
[k] Yong Yong Young,[2] Lyong,[2] Yung,[2] Ryong,[2] Yeong[2] 15,276 0.0307%
, , , , , , , , U U Woo,[2] Wu,[2] Wo,[2] Ou,[2] Uh[2] 195,729 0.3938%
, Un Un Woon[2] 118 0.0002%
, , , , , , Won Wŏn Weon,[2] Woon,[2] One,[2] Wone,[2] Woun[2] 130,174 0.2619%
, , , Wi Wi Wee,[2] We,[2] Wie,[2] Wei,[2] Wui[2] 32,191 0.0648%
[l], [l], , , , [m], , , , Yu Yu Yoo,[2] You,[2] Ryu,[2] Ryoo,[2] Lyu[2] 963,498 1.9384%
[n] Yuk Yuk Yook,[2] Youk,[2] Yug,[2] Yuck,[2] Ryuk[2] 23,455 0.0472%
, , Yun Yun Yoon,[2] Youn,[2] Yune,[2] Yeun,[2] Yon[2] 1,020,564 2.0532%
, , , Eun Ŭn Un,[2] En,[2] Een,[2] Uhan,[2] Eyn[2] 16,927 0.0341%
Eum Ŭm Um,[2] Em,[2] Yum,[2] Ehum,[2] Ng[2] 5,604 0.0113%
[o], , , [o], , I I Lee,[6] Yi,[6] Rhee,[6] Yee,[6] Rhie[6] 7,307,237 14.701%
In In Ihn,[2] Yin,[2] Inn,[2] Leen,[2] Lin[2] 22,363 0.045%
[p], , , Im Im Lim,[2] Yim,[2] Rim,[2] Leem,[2] Rhim[2] 1,015,200 2.0424%
Ja Cha 75 0.0002%
, , , , , , , , , , , , , , 漿 Jang Chang Jhang,[2] Zhang,[2] Jahng,[2] Zang,[2] Jaung[2] 1,021,107 2.0543%
, , , Jeon Chŏn Jun,[2] Chun,[2] Chon,[2] Jeun,[2] Cheon[2] 749,266 1.5074%
Jeom Chŏm Jum[2] 158 0.0003%
, , , , , , , Jeong Chŏng Jung,[2] Chung,[2] Joung,[2] Chong,[2] Cheong[2] 2,407,601 4.8437%
, Je Che Jae,[2] Jea,[2] Jeh,[2] Jye,[2] Jee[2] 21,988 0.0442%
제갈 諸葛, 諸* [sic], 諸曷, 諸渴 Jegal Chegal Jekal,[2] Jaegal,[2] Jaekal,[2] Jeagal,[2] Jeakal[2] 5,735 0.0115%
, , 調, , , , Jo Cho Joe,[2] Joh,[2] Jho,[2] Jou,[2] Zo[2] 1,453,971 2.9252%
, Jong Chong 681 0.0014%
, Jwa Chwa Joa,[2] Choa,[2] Chua,[2] Jua,[2] Chaw[2] 3,383 0.0068%
, , , , Ju Chu Joo,[2] Choo,[2] Jou,[2] Zoo,[2] Zhu[2] 232,063 0.4669%
, Jeung Chŭng Zeng,[4] Tsang,[4] Duong,[4] Tseng,[4] Cheng[4] 18 0%
, , , Ji Chi Jee,[2] Gi,[2] Gee,[2] Chee,[2] Jie[2] 160,147 0.3222%
, , , , , , , , , Jin Chin Jhin,[2] Jean,[2] Gin,[2] Chen,[2] Jeen[2] 186,310 0.3748%
, Cha Ch'a Char,[2] Tcha,[2] Tchah,[2] Chah,[2] Tscha[2] 194,788 0.3919%
, Chang Ch'ang 1,095 0.0022%
, , Chae Ch'ae Chai,[2] Che,[2] Chea,[2] Cha,[2] Choi[2] 131,757 0.2651%
, , Cheon Ch'ŏn Chun,[2] Chon,[2] Chen,[2] Choun,[2] Cheun[2] 121,927 0.2453%
, Cho Ch'o Tcho[2] 236 0.0005%
Chong Ch'ong 27 0.0001%
, , , Choe Ch'oe Choi,[2] Choy,[2] Che,[2] Chai,[2] Chae[2] 2,340,582 4.7089%
, Chu Ch'u Choo,[2] Chou,[2] Cho,[2] Chue,[2] Chew[2] 60,561 0.1218%
Tak T'ak Tark,[2] Tag,[2] Tack,[2] Tahk,[2] Thak[2] 21,099 0.0424%
Tan T'an Than,[4] Tahn,[4] Tran[4] 149 0.0003%
Tang T'ang 5 0%
, Tae T'ae Tai,[2] Tea,[2] Te,[2] Thae[2] 9,073 0.0183%
Pan P'an 278 0.0006%
Paeng P'aeng Paing,[2] Peang,[2] Pang,[2] Peng,[2] Phang[2] 2,935 0.0059%
Pyeon P'yŏn Pyun,[2] Pyon,[2] Pyoun,[2] Pyen,[2] Pyeun[2] 16,689 0.0336%
Pyeong P'yŏng Pyung,[2] Pyoung,[2] Pyong,[2] Pyeoung[2] 515 0.001%
Po P'o 57 0.0001%
, Pyo P'yo Phyo,[2] Poy,[2] Peo,[2] Pho,[2] Pou[2] 30,749 0.0619%
Pung P'ung Poong,[2] Poung[2] 651 0.0013%
Pi P'i Pee,[2] Phee,[2] Phi,[2] Pe,[2] Phie[2] 6,578 0.0132%
, Pil P'il Phil,[2] Fil,[2] Peel[2] 174 0.0004%
, , , , Ha Ha Hah,[2] Har,[2] Hwa,[2] Haa,[2] Hagh[2] 233,106 0.469%
Hak Hak 35 0.0001%
, , , Han Han Hahn,[2] Hann,[2] Haan,[2] Khan,[2] Hwan[2] 773,537 1.5562%
Ham Ham Hahm,[2] Harm,[2] Hamm,[2] Haam,[2] Hwam[2] 80,659 0.1623%
, Hae Hae 155 0.0003%
, Heo Hur,[2] Huh,[2] Her,[2] Hu,[2] Ho[2] 326,782 0.6574%
, Hyeon Hyŏn Hyun,[2] Hyon,[2] Hyoun,[2] Hyen,[2] Hyeun[2] 88,831 0.1787%
, , Hyeong Hyŏng Hyung,[2] Hyoung,[2] Hyong,[2] Hung,[2] Houng[2] 7,328 0.0147%
, , , , Ho Ho Hoh[2] 5,853 0.0118%
, , , , , , Hong Hong Houng,[2] Heung,[2] Heong,[2] Whong,[2] Hohng[2] 558,994 1.1246%
Hwa Hwa Wha,[2] Hoa,[2] Hua[2] 915 0.0018%
, , , , , , Hwang Hwang Whang,[2] Hoang,[2] Huang,[2] Hang,[2] Hawng[2] 697,475 1.4032%
황목 荒木 Hwangmok Hwangmok 5 0%
황보 皇甫, 黃甫 Hwangbo Hwangbo Whangbo,[2] Hoangbo,[2] Hwangpo,[2] Whoangbo,[2] Howangbo[2] 10,427 0.021%
, , Hu Hu Hou,[4] Hoo,[4] Hong,[4] Who,[4] Huu[4] 74 0.0001%
Other 91,107 0.1833%

From 2000 South Korean statistics

[edit]

These are surnames that appear in the 2000 South Korean statistics[7] but not in 2015. Since the 2015 statistics only lists surnames used by five or more people, these surnames may still exist.

Hangul[7] Hanja[7] RR MR Other romanizations Population (2000)[7]
Gang Kang (see above) 13,328
강전 岡田 Gangjeon Kangjŏn Kangjun[4] 51
Gae Kae 86
Gun Kun 46
[e] Noe Noe (see above) 12
[q] Nu Nu 24
Dan Tan (see above) 34
Don Ton (see above) 21
Du Tu (see above) 208
Beom Pŏm (see above) 157
Bing Ping (see above) 726
소봉 小峰 Sobong Sobong 18
Sip Sip 82
Yang Yang (see above) 823
Yeo (see above) 358
Yeong Yŏng (see above) 132
Ye Ye (see above) 1
장곡 長谷 Janggok Changgok 52
Jeo Chŏ Cho,[4] Ji,[4] Chu,[4] Jo[4] 48
Jun Chun June[4] 72
Jeup Chŭp Chup[4] 4
Cho Ch'o (see above) 70
椿 Chun Ch'un 77
Pyeon P'yŏn (see above) 633
Hwan Hwan 157
Heung Hŭng Hong,[4] Huynh,[4] Khuong[4] 462

Other surnames

[edit]

Historical surnames

[edit]

These surnames are found in historical texts and are no longer in use today.

Hangul Hanja RR MR References
고이 古爾 Goi Koi [8][9]
명림 明臨 Myeongnim Myŏngnim [8]
Mok Mok [8][9]
목협 木劦 Mokhyeop Mokhyŏp [9]
Baek Paek [8]
부여 扶餘 Buyeo Puyŏ [9]
사마 司馬 Sama Sama [8][9]
소실 少室 Sosil Sosil [9]
수미 首彌 Sumi Sumi [8][9]
Yeo [9]
Yeon Yŏn [8]
U U [9]
Eul Ŭl [8]
을지 乙支 Eulji Ŭlchi [8][9]
조미 祖彌 Jomi Chomi [10][9]
중실 仲室 Jungsil Chungsil [9]
Hyeop Hyŏp [8][9]
흑치 黑齒 Heukchi Hŭkch'i [8]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]

For these notes, see North–South differences in the Korean language.

  1. ^ a b c d ; Ra in North Korea.
  2. ^ ; Ran in North Korea.
  3. ^ ; Rang in North Korea.
  4. ^ a b c d e f ; Ro in North Korea.
  5. ^ a b ; Roe in North Korea.
  6. ^ a b c ; Ryang in North Korea.
  7. ^ a b ; Ryeo; Ryŏ in North Korea.
  8. ^ ; Ryeon; Ryŏn in North Korea.
  9. ^ a b ; Ryeom; Ryŏm in North Korea.
  10. ^ ; Rye in North Korea.
  11. ^ ; Ryong in North Korea.
  12. ^ a b ; Ryu in North Korea.
  13. ^ ; Nyu in North Korea.
  14. ^ ; Ryuk in North Korea.
  15. ^ a b ; Ri in North Korea.
  16. ^ ; Rim in North Korea.
  17. ^ ; Ru in North Korea.

References

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  1. ^ a b c d Statistics Korea (2015). "성씨·본관별 인구 (5인 이상) – 전국". Korean Statistical Information Service (in Korean). Notes: (1) The total population was 49,705,663. (2) This data only lists surnames used by five or more people. Surnames used by fewer than five people are categorized as "Other" (기타).
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy fz ga gb gc gd ge gf gg gh gi gj gk gl gm gn go gp gq gr gs gt gu gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg hh hi hj hk hl hm hn ho hp hq hr hs ht hu hv hw hx hy hz ia ib ic id ie if ig ih ii ij ik il im in io ip iq ir is it iu iv iw ix iy iz ja jb jc jd je jf jg jh ji jj jk jl jm jn jo jp jq jr js jt ju jv jw jx jy jz ka kb kc kd ke kf kg kh ki kj kk kl km kn ko kp kq kr ks kt ku kv kw kx ky kz la lb lc ld le lf lg lh li lj lk ll lm ln lo lp lq lr ls lt lu lv lw lx ly lz ma mb mc md me mf mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu nv nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og oh oi oj ok ol om on oo op oq or os ot ou ov ow ox oy oz pa pb pc pd pe pf pg ph pi pj pk pl pm pn po pp pq pr ps pt pu pv pw px py pz qa qb qc qd qe qf qg qh qi qj qk ql qm qn qo qp qq qr qs qt qu qv qw qx qy qz ra rb rc rd re rf rg rh ri rj rk rl rm rn ro rp rq rr rs rt ru rv rw rx ry rz sa sb sc sd se sf sg sh si sj sk sl sm sn so sp sq sr ss st su sv sw sx sy sz ta tb tc td te tf tg th ti tj tk tl tm tn to tp tq tr ts tt tu tv tw tx ty tz ua ub uc ud ue uf ug uh ui uj uk ul um un uo up uq ur us ut uu uv uw ux uy uz va vb vc vd ve vf vg vh vi vj vk vl vm vn vo vp vq vr vs vt vu vv vw vx vy vz wa wb wc wd we wf Lee (2011), pp. 167–186, 2011년 외교부 여권 자료.
  3. ^ a b National Institute of Korean Language (2009), p. 57, 성씨의 로마자 표기 실태.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af Lee (2011), pp. 34–35, 벽성 20개 성씨 추가 자료.
  5. ^ a b c d e National Institute of Korean Language (2009), p. 58, 성씨의 로마자 표기 실태.
  6. ^ a b c d e National Institute of Korean Language (2009), p. 60, 성씨의 로마자 표기 실태.
  7. ^ a b c d Statistics Korea (2000). "성씨·본관별 가구 및 인구". Korean Statistical Information Service (in Korean).
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "성씨". Encyclopedia of Korean Culture (in Korean). Retrieved 1 September 2023. 고구려는 해(解) · 을(乙) · 예(禮) · 송(松) · 목(穆) · 우(于) · 주(周) · 마(馬) · 손(孫) · 창(倉) · 동(董) · 예(芮) · 연(淵) · 명림(明臨) · 을지(乙支) 등 10여 종, 백제는 사(沙) · 연(燕) · 협(劦) · 해(解) · 진(眞) · 국(國) · 목(木) · 백(苩)의 8대성과 왕(王) · 장(張) · 사마(司馬) · 수미(首彌) · 고이(古爾) · 흑치(黑齒) 등 10여 종, 신라는 3성(박 · 석 · 김)과 6성(이 · 최 · 정 · 손 · 배 · 설) 및 장(張) · 요(姚) 등 10여 종에 불과하다.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m 김, 정현 (December 2014). "백제의 八族姓과 일본의 八色姓" (in Korean). Monthly Chosun. Retrieved 1 September 2023. 《삼국사기(三國史記)》를 보면 고구려에는 소실(少室), 중실(仲室), 을지(乙支) 등의 성을 가진 인물들이 나온다. 백제에도 사마(司馬), 수미(首彌), 조미(祖彌), 고이(古爾), 목협(木劦) 등의 성을 가진 인물들이 기록되어 있다. [...] 백제의 팔족성(八族姓)[...]은 진(眞), 사(沙), 연(燕), 협(劦), 목(木), 해(解), 국(國), 묘(苗)를 말하는데 [...] 백제 왕족의 성은 부여(扶餘)라는 복성이었다. [...] 후대의 백제 왕들 중에는 부여를 줄여 여(餘)라는 성을 사용하기도 했다. 또 우(優)란 성을 취한 백제왕도 있었다.
  10. ^ "조미걸취". Encyclopedia of Korean Culture (in Korean). Retrieved 1 September 2023. 『삼국사기(三國史記)』에 의하면 '조미(祖彌)'가 성씨

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