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Wavre

Coordinates: 50°43′N 04°36′E / 50.717°N 4.600°E / 50.717; 4.600
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Wavre
Wåve (Walloon)
Waver (Dutch)
The church of St John the Baptist in Wavre
The church of St John the Baptist in Wavre
Flag of Wavre
Coat of arms of Wavre
Location of Wavre
Map
Wavre is located in Belgium
Wavre
Wavre
Location in Belgium
Location of Wavre in Walloon Brabant
Coordinates: 50°43′N 04°36′E / 50.717°N 4.600°E / 50.717; 4.600
Country Belgium
CommunityFrench Community
RegionWallonia
ProvinceWalloon Brabant
ArrondissementNivelles
Government
 • MayorAnne Masson (La Liste du Bourgmestre; "Mayor's List," LB)
 • Governing party/iesLB-PS-DéFI
Area
 • Total42.11 km2 (16.26 sq mi)
Population
 (2018-01-01)[1]
 • Total34,305
 • Density810/km2 (2,100/sq mi)
Postal codes
1300, 1301
NIS code
25112
Area codes010
Websitewww.wavre.be

Wavre (French pronunciation: [wavʁ] ; Walloon: Wåve; Dutch: Waver [ˈʋaːvər] ) is a city and municipality of Wallonia, and the capital of the province of Walloon Brabant, Belgium.

Wavre is in the Dyle valley. Most inhabitants speak French as their mother tongue and are called "Wavriens" and "Wavriennes".

The municipality consist of the following sub-municipalities: Bierges, Limal, and Wavre proper.

Wavre is also called "the City of the Maca", referring to the statue of the small boy trying to climb the wall of the city hall. Tradition holds that touching the Maca's buttocks brings a year of luck.

History

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Antiquity and Middle Ages

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The foundations of a wealthy Roman villa were found very close to Wavre, complete with a portico and many rooms. This part of Gaul, however, was ravaged by the Germanic invasions in the 3rd and 4th century, and it is only in the year 1050 that Wavre was mentioned for the first time, as a dependency of the County of Leuven, part of the Brabant pagus. The chapel built by the counts near the former Gallo-Roman villa was ceded to the Affligem Abbey a few years later. By the 13th century a market already existed in the budding town built at the crossroads of the Brussels-Namur and Nivelles-Leuven roads. In 1222, Duke Henry I of Brabant granted the town its city charter. At around the same time, the Affligem Abbey expanded its Wavre possessions into a priory, which attracted pilgrims from a wide region around the city.[2]

16th- to 18th-century disasters

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The relative peace of the city came to an end on 8 March 1489, when Duke Albert of Saxony took it and pillaged it in retaliation for Wavre's sympathy with Brabant’s revolt against Austria. From then on until the beginning of the 18th century, the city went through one disaster after another. Between the destruction by Duke Charles of Guelders in 1504 and that brought by Louis XIV’s wars around 1700, Wavre would know several debilitating crises, either at the hand of foreign armies (e.g., the Spanish in 1604) or because of epidemics (1624–1625, 1668) or major fires (28 April 1695 and 17 July 1714). The 18th century was relatively prosperous, but a troubled period started again around 1790, with Wavre's participation in the Brabant Revolution against Austrian interests. After the Battle of Fleurus (1794), the city became French. Like many of its neighbours, the city suffered from mandatory conscription, curtailment of religious freedoms, and the dissolution of the old administrative offices.

From Waterloo until now

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On 18 and 19 June 1815, the Battle of Wavre was fought here on the same day as the Battle of Waterloo. Napoleon had sent Marshal Grouchy to pursue part of the retreating Prussian army under the command of General Johann von Thielmann. Despite hearing the cannon sound from nearby Waterloo, Grouchy decided to obey his orders and engage the one Prussian Corps in Wavre. By the time Grouchy's battle was over, Napoleon had already lost at Waterloo.

The century that followed saw the expansion of local industry, including foundries, a paper mill, and a sugar refinery. Wavre was severely affected by both World Wars, with heavy fighting, bombing and several houses put on fire. In the 21st century, Wavre enjoyed renewed prosperity as the capital of the Belgian province of Walloon Brabant created in 1995.

Attractions

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Rue de la Source in Wavre town centre
Town hall of Wavre
Basilica of Our Lady of Basse-Wavre
  • The Gothic-style church of St John the Baptist was built in 1475. Its main tower houses a 50-bell carillon.
  • The city hall dates from the 18th century. It is housed in the former church of the Carmelites and features a cloistered courtyard.
  • In 1975, the first Walibi amusement park, named after Wavre, Limal, and Bierge, to the west of the city centre further up the Dyle. Since then, Walibi has become the largest amusement park in Belgium and spawned similar parks in France and the Netherlands. The park was once known as the best themepark in Europe and has over 1,000,000 visitors per year.[3]
  • The Basilica of Our Lady of Basse-Wavre, Basilique Notre-Dame de Basse-Wavre is a centre of pilgrimage for Roman Catholics.

Folklore

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  • The Jeu de Jean et Alice is a remake of a medieval play, more exactly a spoken, sung, and danced dialog between Jean and Alice, Lords of Wavre, and the city's population. The play commemorates the granting of the charter to the city in 1222; it is now an elaborate production (with more than 500 participants) that takes place every five years.
  • Since about 200 years ago, the Grand Tour, a religious procession takes place every year on the Sunday that follows June 24, feast of St John the Baptist, patron saint of the city.
  • The city's carnival includes a handful of traditional giants that take part in the festivities.[4]

Climate

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Climate data for Wavre(1991-2020)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 6.3
(43.3)
7.4
(45.3)
11.3
(52.3)
15.6
(60.1)
19.1
(66.4)
22.0
(71.6)
24.1
(75.4)
23.8
(74.8)
20.2
(68.4)
15.4
(59.7)
10.2
(50.4)
6.7
(44.1)
15.2
(59.3)
Daily mean °C (°F) 3.5
(38.3)
3.9
(39.0)
6.7
(44.1)
9.9
(49.8)
13.6
(56.5)
16.6
(61.9)
18.7
(65.7)
18.2
(64.8)
14.9
(58.8)
11.1
(52.0)
6.9
(44.4)
4.1
(39.4)
10.7
(51.2)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 0.6
(33.1)
0.5
(32.9)
2.2
(36.0)
4.2
(39.6)
8.1
(46.6)
11.2
(52.2)
13.2
(55.8)
12.7
(54.9)
9.6
(49.3)
6.9
(44.4)
3.7
(38.7)
1.4
(34.5)
6.2
(43.2)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 75.1
(2.96)
65.6
(2.58)
57.3
(2.26)
46.4
(1.83)
61.7
(2.43)
67.2
(2.65)
71.8
(2.83)
86.0
(3.39)
61.2
(2.41)
65.9
(2.59)
71.8
(2.83)
89.7
(3.53)
819.7
(32.29)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 12.9 12.0 11.1 8.9 10.0 10.2 10.0 10.7 9.8 10.5 12.3 14.6 133
Mean monthly sunshine hours 57 72 127 178 205 208 213 201 158 116 66 48 1,649
Mean daily sunshine hours 1.8 2.6 4.1 5.9 6.6 6.9 6.9 6.5 5.3 3.7 2.2 1.6 4.5
Source: Royal Meteorological Institute[5]

Infrastructure

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Wavre is the location of the Wavre Transmitter, a broadcasting facility for shortwave, medium wave, FM and TV of the Belgian broadcasting society. As aerial for medium wave a guyed steel framework mast is used. It is the third tallest structure in Belgium. The aerials for FM and TV are on a free standing lattice tower. On 13 October 1983 a storm destroyed the main transmission mast for TV transmission.

Basse-Wavre railway station (Gare de Basse-Wavre) is located in Basse-Wavre ("lower Wavre") a suburb to the east of the city centre and lower down the Dyle.[a]

Sports

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Wavre is the home of RJ Wavre football club, a team with quite a prestigious past but which has struggled in recent times. The city is elected to host 2026 Hockey World Cup.[6]

Notable people

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Wettelijke Bevolking per gemeente op 1 januari 2018". Statbel. Retrieved 9 March 2019.
  2. ^ "Le coeur de Wavre". Ville de Wavre (in French). Retrieved 2023-07-09.
  3. ^ "Attractions touristiques". Ville de Wavre (in French). Retrieved 2023-07-09.
  4. ^ "Le patrimoine immatériel & folklorique". Ville de Wavre (in French). Retrieved 2023-07-09.
  5. ^ "Statistiques climatiques des communes belges:Wavre(ins 25112)" (PDF) (in French). KMI. pp. 2, 5. Retrieved 6 January 2024.
  6. ^ "rjwavre.be". rjwavre.be.
  7. ^ Hennuy, Jean-Claude (2018-06-22). "Elections Wavre: Charles Michel absent, Françoise Pigeolet croise les doigts pour le 14 octobre". RTBF. Retrieved 2020-10-28.
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